Integrating Environmental Justice Framework in Indonesia’s Net Zero Emission Roadmap by 2060

¹ Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
² Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Indonesia’s commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2060 represents a significant milestone in national climate governance. However, existing mitigation pathways largely prioritize technical and economic efficiency, while social equity and justice considerations remain insufficiently institutionalized. This study examines how an environmental justice framework can be systematically integrated into Indonesia’s net zero emission roadmap to support a fair and inclusive climate transition. Using a qualitative normative and policy analysis, this research reviews national climate policies and key environmental justice literature to assess distributive, procedural, and recognition dimensions within Indonesia’s climate strategy. The findings reveal that justice-related elements are fragmented and weakly embedded in long-term planning, particularly in relation to burden-sharing, public participation, and protection of vulnerable communities. This study argues that embedding environmental justice as a core governance principle can enhance policy legitimacy, reduce socio-environmental risks, and strengthen the sustainability of Indonesia’s pathway toward net zero emissions by 2060.