Analysis of the typical small watershed of warping dams in the sand properties

¹ Xi’an University of technology, Xi’an, Shanxi 710048, China
² Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Loss Process and Control on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Water Resources, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China

^* Corresponding author: 47994494@qq.com

Abstract

Coarse sediment with a particle size greater than 0.05mm is the main deposit of riverbed in the lower Yellow River, the Loess Plateau is one of the concentrated source of coarse sediment, warping dam is one of the important engineering measures for gully control. Jiuyuangou basin is a typical small basin in the first sub region of hilly-gullied loess region, twenty warping dams in Jiuyuangou basin was selected as research object, samples of sediment along the main line of dam from upper, middle to lower reaches of dam fields and samples of undisturbed soil in slope of dam control basin were taken to carry out particle gradation analysis, in the hope of clearing reducing capacity on coarse sediment of different types of warping dam through the experimental data. The results show that the undisturbed soil in slope of dam control basin has characteristics of standard loess, the particle size are mainly distributed in 0.025~0.05mm, and the 0.05mm particle size of Jiuyuangou basinof loess is an obvious boundary; Particle size of sediment in 15 warping dam of Jiuyuangou basin are mainly distributed in 0.031~0.05mm with the dam tail is greater than dam front in general. The separation effect of horizontal pipe drainage is better than shaft drainage for which particle size greater than 0.05mm, notch dam is for particle size between 0.025~0.1 mm, and fill dam is for particle size between 0.016 ~ 0.1 mm, they all have a certain function in the sediment sorting.