Architecture of small Ukrainian and Mexican schools between XIX-XX centuries

¹ Kiev National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 03680, 31 Povitroflotsky Avenue, Kyiv, Ukraine
² National Aviation University, 03680, 1 Komarova avenue, Kyiv, Ukraine

^* Corresponding author: maryveresart@gmail.com

Abstract

This article reports scientific and typological analysis of Ukrainian and Mexican architecture of small school buildings of the late XIX - early XX centuries in domestic art criticism in the context of comparative analysis. It analyzes national examples of small school buildings of Ukraine and Mexico which are of primary importance for understanding the architectural and artistic processes which took place in our territories at the end of the XIX - early XX centuries. The requirements that were met by this new architecture were significant progress in construction that addressed social needs through school buildings that allowed political action of the new regime. A new, relevant system was formed in the context of education policy and the pedagogical program, which justified its use in the post-revolutionary movement. Therefore, construction projects took into account the needs of working classes, agricultural and urban population. In these projects, interiors and typical designing of preschool areas are provided, advanced engineering, constructive and hygienic solutions are used, therefore they are a rather interesting phenomenon of Ukrainian and Mexican architectural design and are of great significance for the world architectural history.