Problems of using certain unnamed ways to ensure fulfillment of obligations

¹ South Ural State University (National Research University), Nizhnevartovsk Branch, Mira str., 9, Nizhnevartovsk , 628600, Russia
² Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Cheremushkinskaya str., 34, Moscow, 117218, Russia
³ Tyumen Industrial University (Nizhnevartovsk Branch), Lenina str., 9/2, Nizhnevartovsk, 628616, Russia

^* Corresponding author: a.copytowa@yandex.ru

Abstract

The relevance of the work lies in the fact that traditional ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations do not fully satisfy the needs of civil circulation, therefore, modern civil legislation needs more flexible legal structures. This situation encourages participants in civil turnover to search for alternative ways to ensure their property interests and is the main reason for emergence of unnamed ways to ensure fulfillment of obligations. The article defines the legal basis of such methods of ensuring fulfillment of obligations as a state (municipal) guarantee, security sale and fiduciary collateral, as well as their place in Russian legal system. Cases of application of these methods in practice are analyzed. The novelty of the study lies in assessing the current state of individual unnamed ways to ensure the fulfillment of obligations made on the basis of analysis of doctrine, legislation and law enforcement practice. Conclusions: Civil law, which offered participants of the obligation relations other ways to ensure the fulfillment of obligations, did not form sufficient criteria and provisions for their regulation. The main difficulties of law enforcers associated with unnamed ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations arise due to the lack of unity of opinion on their legal nature in the doctrine, which leads to the difficulty of their settlement and does not allow to occupy a proper niche in civil law. The leading research approach of the study includes such scientific methods as dialectics, analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparative legal and formal legal method.