Life Cycle Impact Assessment on Electricity Production from Biomass Power Plant System Through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method using Biomass from Palm Oil Mill in Indonesia

¹ Department of Agricultural Engineering of Syah Kuala University, Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
² PT. Enerba Teknologi, Jl. Tekno Widya Setu Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
³ Department of Agricultural Industry Technology, Serambi Mekkah University, Jl. Unmuha, Batoh Lueng Bata Banda Aceh 23245, Indonesia
⁴ Centre for Agro-Based Industry, Ministry of Industry Indonesia, Jl. Harsono, Jakarta Selatan 12550, Indonesia
⁵ Dakara Bisnis Institute, Department of Environment, Jl. Lingkar Baru Laladon, Dramaga Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
⁶ Indonesian Life Cycle Assessment Network (ILCAN), P2Kimia, Jl, Puspitek, LIPI, Serpong Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia
⁷ Graduate School of Renewable Energy, Darma Persada University, Jl. Taman Malaka Selatan No.22, Jakarta Timur, 13450, Indonesia
⁸ Engineering Department of Marine Technology and Natural Sciences Faculty, Klaipeda University, H. Manto g. 84, Klaipėda 92294, Lithuania, EU
⁹ Department of Agriculture Science, Postgraduate Program, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas No.246, Malang, 65145, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: ksiregar.tep@unsyiah.ac.id

Abstract

New energy and renewable widely available in Indonesia. One of them is the biomass that can be used with gasification technology. Biomass is an organic matter to which derived from biological materials. This research was used integration gasification system with a gas engine, which works more properly with CO, and H2. The advantage of this biomass power plant compared the environmental impact on other types of plants such as coal-fired power plants, diesel power plants, etc. Therefore the potential of environmental impacts was generated, it is necessary to calculate quantitatively through the life cycle assessment methods. This research aimed to calculate impact assessment on electricity production from a Biomass Power Plant system through a life cycle assessment with boundary cradle to grave in Indonesia. The study revealed that greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of electricity production from an empty fruit bunch palm oil mill was 0.15 kg CO_2-eq kWh^–1. The gas engine was the highest GHG emission contributor during its life cycle. Empty fruit bunch as a source of biomass for electricity production was considered as climate-friendly power plant system due to its potential in reducing GHG emission from palm oil production and released lower GHG emission.