An experimental study of the behaviour of two rockfills accounting for the effects of degree of saturation

¹ Federico II University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering. 80125 Naples, Italy
² Guglielmo Marconi University, Sustainability Engineering Department, 00193, Rome, Italy

^* e-mail: roberta.ventini@unina.it

Abstract

Rockfill dams have become more and more recognized for their safety, economy and adaptability to widely varying site conditions. As a contribution to the understanding of the main factors affecting the rockfill behaviour, the paper reports and discusses experimental data on several aspects relevant to the interpretation and analysis of their in-situ response. The experimental programme involved three series of oedometric tests on specimens of two different gravels having the same grading, reconstituted at the same initial relative density. Experimental observations on rockfills compressibility are presented and discussed: attention is paid to the role of degree of saturation (S_r) through the analysis of “driest”, “fully saturated” conditions, and the transition from one to the other. Grain crushing tests on dry and saturated soil particles are also reported. Grain size distributions of the specimens, both after compaction and after the oedometer tests, are compared in the paper. The results show that the effect of S_r cannot be overlooked in the mechanical characterization of the material, especially in rockfill/stress conditions prone to crushing