Potential advantages of using compressorless combined cycles in power engineering

¹ Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya St., Bldg. 13, Block 2, Moscow, Russia
² Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya str., Bldg. 6, Moscow, Russia
³ Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya St., Bldg. 5, Block 1, Moscow, Russia
⁴ Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Krasnokazarmennaya str., Bldg. 14, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Attention of humanity is being increasingly focused on prevention of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, including CO2 [1]. One of the main contributions to CO2 emissions is associated with the production of electric and thermal energy. Despite great efforts, aimed at developing renewable energy technologies, fossil fuels will dominate in this area of human activity for a very long time. Therefore, the capture of CO2, formed during the combustion of fossil fuels, is of particular importance. If air is used as a fuel oxidizer, the combustion products consist of more than 70% nitrogen. It is very difficult and expensive to separate carbon dioxide from this nitrogen. Promising solutions for carbon capture are associated with air separation and fuel combustion in pure oxygen. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to such cycles [2-4]. The gases temperature of a combustor chamber exit is regulated by the supply of CO2 and H2O to a combustion zone. In this case, a spent working fluid is almost entirely composed of a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor, which is easily divided into water and pure carbon dioxide. One of the options for such solutions involves a pressure increase for all components of the working fluid before injection them into a combustion chamber in a liquid phase by pumping equipment [5]. Thermodynamic cycles, in which a pressure of the working fluid is increased in the liquid phase by pumping equipment (without a compressor), can be called compressorless.