Modern approaches to adaptive tillage complexes in crop rotation and intensive land use in the Middle Urals

¹ Perm State Agro-Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov, 23, Petropavlovskaia St., 614990 Perm, Russia
² Perm Agricultural Research Institute Branch of Perm Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Science, 12 Сultury St., Permskii Krai, 614532 Lobanovo, Russia

^* Corresponding author: pniish@ rambler.ru

Abstract

The article presents the results of many years of research on soil treatment systems and techniques. It is established that for the conditions of the Perm region on sod-podzolic loamy soils, the most optimal system of basic treatment and reception is: 1. in grain-grass crop rotations with clean and occupied pairs, when applying medium and high doses of mineral and organic fertilizers, disk, minimum and plow-disk processing systems are most effective, ensuring the level of productivity of crop rotations is not lower than during annual plowing. At the same time, the humus content does not decrease, and the cost of soil processing is reduced by 20 – 35%. To obtain maximum productivity in grain-grass crop rotations, multi-depth processing is promising, in which the costs are at the same level as the costs of ordinary processing, including annual plowing to a depth of 22-24 cm.2. in grain-steam crop rotations, when applying medium and high doses of fertilizers, the most perspective processing is that which includes ploughing by 40 cm per pair, disking by 14 cm and ploughing by 20 cm for spring crops. Carrying out soil ploughing to a depth of 20 cm with SibIME stands instead of annual plowing is more effective, since this processing does not reduce the humus content, reduces the cost of processing by 17.8% and the yield of grain crops is not lower than with plow processing.