Microevolutionary processes in the creation of the Siberian species of carp

¹ Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Dobrolyubova st., 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
² Branch of KuzSTU in Belovo, Inskoy, Ilyicha st., 32-A, Belovo, Kemerovo region, 652644, Russia
³ Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Molodezhnaya st., Barnaul, Altai Krai, 656038, Russia

^* Corresponding author: epishenko@ngs.ru

Abstract

Selection of carp was started in 1964 in Siberia. The work was carried out in a continental climate. The duration of the winter period was 120-130 days. The species was created by the method of mass directed selection in terms of body growth, girth and fecundity. In comparison with the original population, the body weight of females in the average school increased significantly - by 67.17%, and the weight of female five-year-olds - by 33.58%. This led to earlier maturation and accelerated the generational change. Considering the dynamic series of the exterior of the females according to the indices of progonism, broad-back, body girth, as well as exterior profiles, we noted that the population of the Altai mirror carp had a high growth rate, which ensured high fish productivity of reservoirs. Analysis of the variability of morphological traits from the third to the seventh generation showed that against the background of a noticeable increase in body weight, body length decreased, girth, growth and thickness increased. The body of the Altai mirror carp for five generations of breeding has become more compact, the exterior has improved.