Optimization of Enzyme Assisted Extraction of Chondroitin Sulfate from Bohadschia argus by Response Surface Methodology

¹ Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
² Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
³ Department of Chemistry, University of New England: Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
⁴ Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center (BPAEC), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

^* Corresponding authors: author@e-mail.org, kittipong.r@ku.th

Abstract

Chondroitin sulfate is currently one of the bioactive compounds obtained from different natural materials with high benefit in human medical treatment and pharmaceutical. However, the natural concentration of chondroitin sulfate in high cost raw material is low and this situation makes the commercialization become difficult. This study focused on production of chondroitin sulfate isolated from Bohadschia argus using enzyme-assisted extraction methodology. Optimization experiments were conducted based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Box–Behnken design (BBD). Three important extraction parameters, including enzyme concentration (X₁: 0.05-0.5 %), Time (X₂: 0.25–3 h), and temperature (X₃: 55–65 °C) were varied to obtain maximum chondroitin sulfate yields. The RSM optimized model obtained from statistical analysis presented the high correlation coefficiency (R2) at 0.7508, advocating the significance of the model. The optimum extraction conditions were selected as enzyme concentration of 0.48% with extraction time of 1.01 h. at an extraction temperature of 56.53°C. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of chondroitin sulfate was 415.59 mg/100g dry, which is in good agreement with the value predicted by the model.