Variability and interrelation of the main breeding traits of the winter soft wheat quality

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Agrarian Research Center “Donskoy”, Nauchny gorodok 3, 347740 Zernograd, Russia

^* Corresponding author: ninakravchenko78@mail.ru

Abstract

Wheat bread rightfully belongs to the greatest inventions of mankind. The concept of wheat quality is very capacious and includes a wide range of characteristics: physical, chemical, rheological and consumer, which are in complex relationships with each other. The main purpose of soft wheat is the manufacture of bakery products. In this regard, the actual task of science is the creation and introduction into production of new varieties with high baking properties. The purpose of the research is to study the variability and relationships of quality traits; identification of the best varieties for use in the breeding process. It was found that the most strongly varying features were the specific work of deformation of the dough (11.7%) and the coefficient of the ratio of dough elasticity to extensibility (23.5%). The results of a correlation analysis on the conjugation of the characteristics of the quality of grain, flour and baking properties are presented. The quality of bread significantly depended on the volumetric yield of bread (r=0.9118) and the specific work of dough deformation (r=0.5119). A significant positive, strong relationship was found between the content of protein and gluten in the grain (r=0.8471). New varieties and lines of winter soft wheat of intensive type, distinguished by a complex of studied traits: the new variety Privolye, lines 1518/18 and 1401/19, are recommended to be used in the breeding process aimed at improving the quality of winter soft wheat grain.