Creation of primary resources for creation of early, high-yield varieties of sesame for the northern regions of Uzbekistan

Tashkent State Agrarian University, 2, University street, Tashkent, 100140, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: r.kalandarov@tdau.uz

Abstract

This article addresses a crucial concern regarding the limited availability of raw materials and the underutilization of alternative oilbearing plants, which hampers the establishment of a robust and competitive environment. This issue has significant implications for broadening the production spectrum of diverse oil products and fostering a sustainable, accessible supply of high-quality vegetable oils for the population. To address this imperative need for a comprehensive and affordable range of vegetable oils, the creation of novel oilseed varieties assumes paramount importance. Such varieties must possess a constellation of traits, including high oil content, remarkable yield potential, resilience against various environmental stressors, suitability for export markets, and the capability to sustainably support primary and variety seed production. The focal objective of this research initiative revolves around assembling a diverse collection of genetic resources from across the globe. Specifically, the study seeks to gather 170 world collections of sesame varieties, alongside 122 locally adapted Tashkentsky varieties that have been regionalized within Uzbekistan. By consolidating this vast array of genetic material, the research endeavors to unlock new avenues for enhancing oilseed crop productivity, bolstering quality parameters, and establishing a foundation for progressive agricultural practices. This strategic endeavor embodies a critical step towards transforming the landscape of oilseed cultivation and production in Uzbekistan, ultimately paving the way for an augmented supply of healthful vegetable oils, economic vitality, and food security for the nation’s populace.