Numerical Analysis of Compound Walls of Brick Masonry, Strengthened with C-FRP Laminate under Explosive Detonations - Afghanistan Scenario

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, 110025 New Delhi, India
² College of Graduate Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram -UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
³ Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), 19117 Salt, Jordan
⁴ Department of Civil Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, 110073 New Delhi, India
⁵ Technical Institute of Suwaria, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

^* Corresponding author: s1910521@st.jmi.ac.in

Abstract

Afghanistan, a nation plagued by wars, terrorism, and counter-terrorism, has borne the brunt of these conflicts. The common people of Afghanistan are weary of the continuous cycle of attacks and counter-attacks by warlords. Even places of worship and those who gather there are not spared from these acts of violence. For years, explosive blasts have targeted the compound walls surrounding these religious structures. In this research, we investigate the impact of such blasts on free-standing URM walls commonly used in Afghanistan. Using ABAQUS/Explicit code, we conduct nonlinear analysis to examine the blast performance of these walls. Additionally, we retrofit the walls with a high-strength C-FRP laminate. To optimize computational time, we employ a macro strategy. The results show that the strengthened walls exhibit comparable blast performance. Importantly, when the laminate is applied to both faces, there is no longer a need for increased wall thickness in the masonry construction.