Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide Supported on Zeolite as a Heterogenous Basic Catalyst for Clean Fuel (Biodiesel) Production: A Mini Review

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No.5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: sumari.fmipa@um.ac.id

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves, worsening greenhouse gas effects, and global warming issues have driven the development of renewable energy sources, such as biodiesel. Biodiesel is as an alternative fuel to petrodiesel, typically produced through a transesterification reaction of triglycerides and alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. Alkaline earth metal oxide supported on zeolite are heterogeneous basic catalysts that are widely used in biodiesel synthesis. The addition of alkaline earth metal oxide to zeolite enhances the distribution of active sites, leading to an increase in catalytic activity. Zeolite is widely used as catalyst support due to its high surface area, good thermal stability, shape selectivity, and porous structure. This article presents recent developments in the synthesis and application of alkaline earth metal oxide supported on zeolite for transesterification reaction. The challenges and prospects of catalyst development are also discussed. This article aims to provide information and inspire the development of alkaline earth metal oxide supported on zeolite as a basic catalyst for biodiesel synthesis.