Issue |
E3S Web of Conf.
Volume 485, 2024
The 7th Environmental Technology and Management Conference (ETMC 2023)
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Article Number | 02004 | |
Number of page(s) | 13 | |
Section | Wastewater and Resource Recovery | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448502004 | |
Published online | 02 February 2024 |
Performance evaluation of electrokinetic bioremediation for weathered petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
2 Water and Wastewater Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
* Corresponding author: afiyanadhifahs@gmail.com
This study investigates the impact of Electrokinetic Remediation (EKR) time on total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) removal from soil, focusing on electroosmotic phenomena guided by Helmholtz-Smoluchowski theory. Soil samples were exposed to a constant 2 V/cm voltage gradient for 8, 16, and 24 hours, utilizing a 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution as an electrolyte to enhance soil conductivity. Biostimulation was combined with EKR, and TPH levels and microbial colonies (TPC) were monitored over a 4-week period. Maintaining optimal conditions (25-40°C, pH 6-8, 30-60% water content) was crucial for effective biodegradation. Results showed that a 24-hour EKR duration was most effective, achieving an 87.9% removal rate. The 16-hour duration closely followed at 85.7%, while the 8-hour duration exhibited lower effectiveness at 62.5%. TPC counts increased in the fourth week for the 16-hour and 24-hour durations but decreased for the 8-hour duration. Post-EKR, a gradual decline in TPH levels indicated electroosmotic flow’s (EOF) positive impact on TPH desorption and biodegradation. Electroosmosis influence was evident in varying TPH concentrations among segments after EKR, with higher levels near the cathode in the 16-hour and 24-hour durations. Lower TPH near the cathode in the 8-hour variation suggested electroosmosis-induced desorption, while reduced concentrations in regions A (near anode) and B (middle) resulted from biodegradation and microbial mobility due to electrophoresis. Confirmation of electroosmosis across all durations was supported by observed water content and EOF volume. The 24-hour duration exhibited the highest EOF proportion in the cathode chamber at 22.2%, followed by 16 hours at 16.1%, and 8 hours at 8.6%.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2024
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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