Profile of desert sandy soils formed in the Aral Sea dried-up seabed

Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: abduvahob60@mail.ru

Abstract

In subsequent years, as a result of the strengthening of natural and anthropogenic factors, the inability of the Amu Darya and Sir Darya waters to flow into the Aral Sea, the mechanical composition of desert sandy soils, the type of salinization, the degree of salinization, the variety of humus content in the soils common in the soil covers of the dried seabed were studied. During the study of the study area soils, the strong salinization of soils was noted by the chloride-sulfate salinization type and the salinization in the surface layer of the soil profile section No. 47, that is, in the layers 0- 9 cm and 9-50 cm deep, and weak salinization by the sulfate-chloride salinization type and the salinization in the lower layer of the soil profile. In the surface layer of the studied desert sandy soils, that is, by 0-9 cm and 9- 50 cm, the humus content ranged from 0.418% to 0.528%. On the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, because of strong evaporation of groundwater in the soil profile, an intensive process of accumulation of salt crystals took place, and desert sandy soils became highly saline.