Peculiarities of clinical and laboratory manifestations of hepatopathy: The path to medical consensus

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, 5, st. Chernigovskaya, Saint Petersburg, 196084, Russia

^* Corresponding author: psevdopyos@mail.ru

Abstract

The article analyzes the information available in the scientific literature on the clinical and laboratory manifestations of liver pathologies of various origins, mainly in productive animals, in order to achieve a medical consensus on the most relevant methods for diagnosing such pathologies. Hepatopathy is a universal term to refer to various liver diseases. The incidence of hepatosis in cattle can reach up to 50%, in swine up to 90%, and in canines up to 68%. At the moment, a large amount of material on this topic has been accumulated for each animal species separately. The goal is to systematize the available material on all types of animals to identify the characteristics of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of hepatopathy in animals with different types of nutrition. For pigs, a more characteristic type of hepatopathy is hepatodystrophy of toxic etiology, with vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. For cows, especially highly productive ones, a more common type of hepatopathy is fatty liver degeneration. For dogs, a more characteristic type of hepatopathy is acute hepatitis, which occurs in response to infectious and non-infectious diseases. The study established that, despite various etiological factors and species predispositions to them, hepatopathy in different animal species manifests itself in the same way. It is not clinically expressed but has a significant effect on reproductive function; laboratory: three syndromes: cytolysis, hepatodepression, and cholestasis.