Advancements in cadmium-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting: A short review

Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

^* Corresponding author: cherozid@utm.my

Abstract

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, which directly converts sunlight into storable hydrogen fuel, has emerged as a promising technology in pursuing renewable energy. This process relies on semiconductor materials functioning as photoelectrodes to harness solar energy and drive water electrolysis into hydrogen and oxygen. However, PEC systems’ efficiency and cost-effectiveness face formidable challenges, primarily centred around developing robust and efficient photoanodes. Cadmium-based catalysts, belonging to the II-VI n-type semiconductor family, exhibit exceptional properties conducive to PEC applications, such as tunable band gaps and superior light absorption capabilities. Yet, their practical utility has been hindered by issues related to photocorrosion and inadequate charge carrier separation. Recent breakthroughs in cadmium-based photoanodes have addressed these limitations through innovative strategies. In regards to this matter, this review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in cadmium-based photoanodes, shedding light on their innovative applications in PEC water splitting.