Methods of increasing the productivity of desert pasture soils

Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, 100140, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: m.saidova@tdau.uz

Abstract

Expanding on the initial text, integrating agrotechnical measures with ecological and biotechnological strategies is crucial for the sustainable management of desert pasture soils. Among these strategies, the use of mycorrhizal fungi and beneficial bacteria to enhance soil fertility and plant growth offers a promising avenue. These microorganisms improve nutrient uptake by plants, increase water retention in soil, and contribute to the stabilization of soil structure, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of soil salinity and aridity. Furthermore, the application of organic amendments, such as compost and biochar, can significantly improve soil organic matter content, enhancing soil physical properties and increasing its capacity to support microbial life. In addition to biological approaches, adopting water-saving irrigation technologies like drip or subsurface irrigation systems can play a pivotal role in the efficient management of scarce water resources in desert areas. These systems minimize water loss through evaporation and runoff, ensuring that water is delivered directly to the plant roots where it is most needed. Another aspect worth considering is the introduction of agroforestry practices in desert pastures. The integration of trees and shrubs with pastoral and crop production systems not only provides shelter and food for livestock but also contributes to soil protection, biodiversity enhancement, and carbon sequestration, further counteracting the process of desertification.