Jabu Bolon tectonics concept in Batak Toba

¹ The Buildings Engineering Education Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia
² Master's Program in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Smart Technology and Engineering, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The focus of this tectonic research is to assess how structures and building construction respond to climatic and natural influences. Understanding the Jabu Bolon timber buildings in Toba is vital given the region's earthquake-prone terrain. The study used a qualitative method with a correlational explanation strategy, namely describing the tectonic phenomenology of Jabu Bolon. The selected object of study was Jabu Bolon in Jangga Dolok village, based on field observations, literature, and articles. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to connect the phenomenology of tectonic vernacular architecture with Jabu Bolon Batak Toba. The concept of Jabu Bolon is geometrically structured into three distinct parts. Pillars along its sides support the building. A series of roof ridges, sloping wall installation techniques, and the arrangement of the base pillars contribute to the structure's overall aesthetic. The connecting details used to reinforce the building include a dowel system for the pillars and beams, as well as a tie system made from natural materials linking the roof to the wall coverings. The building is both sturdy and aesthetically pleasing, making it resilient against natural elements.