| Issue |
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 712, 2026
2026 16th International Conference on Future Environment and Energy (ICFEE 2026)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 05003 | |
| Number of page(s) | 8 | |
| Section | Renewable Energy Technologies: Conversion, Storage, and Systems | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671205003 | |
| Published online | 19 May 2026 | |
Validation of a MATLAB/Simulink State-of-Charge Model for a Micro Electric Vehicle
Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana, (UNITEC), Honduras
* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
This paper presents the development and validation of a compact computational model to estimate battery state of charge (SoC) and energy consumption of a Quantum One micro electric vehicle under urban operation. The drivetrain is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink using Virtual Vehicle Composer, with a mapped 16s Li-ion battery, motor, transmission and auxiliary loads. Fifteen repeatable drive cycles were recorded inside a university campus with GPS, while battery voltage and recharge time were measured to reconstruct field SoC and specific energy consumption. These routes were processed into drive-cycle inputs for the model. Agreement between simulation and field data was quantified using pointwise error, RMSE and MAPE. The validated model achieved MAPEs of 1.03 % (SoC), 0.28 % (voltage) and 5.29 % (Wh/km), supporting its use for autonomy estimation and route analysis.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2026
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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