Synthesis of hybrid nanofluid with two-step method

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Badung-Bali, Indonesia
² Heat Transfer Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Udayana University
³ Bachelor Programme Student of Department of Mechanical Engineering, Udayana University
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI-Depok
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Gunadarma, Depok - Indonesia

^* Coresponding author: wayan.nata@gmail.com

Abstract

Nanofluid is a liquid fluid mixture with a nanometer-sized solid particle potentially applied as a heat transfer fluid because it is capable of producing a thermal conductivity better than a base fluid. However, nanofluids have a weakness that is a high level of agglomeration as the resulting conductivity increases. Therefore, in this study, the synthesis of two nanoparticles into the base fluid called hybrid nanofluids. This study aims to determine the effect of nanoparticle composition on the highest thermal conductivity value with the lowest agglomeration value. This research was conducted by dispersing Al₂O₃-TiO₂ nanoparticles in water with volume fraction of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% in the composition of Al₂O₃-TiO₂ ratio of 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%. The synthesis was performed with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. The tests were carried out in three types: thermal conductivity testing with KD2, visual agglomeration observation and absorbance measurements using UV-Vis, wettability testing with HSVC tools and Image applications. The test results showed that the ratio composition ratio of 75% Al₂O₃-25% TiO₂ with a volume fraction of 0.7% resulted in an increase in optimum thermal conductivity with the best wettability and the longest agglomeration level.