Exploration and Effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. from Jember and Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia Cacao Plantation as A Biological Control of Phytophthora palmivora

¹ Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas no 246 Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
² The Center of Biotechnology Development, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas no 246 Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
³ Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 50 Thanon Ngamwongwan, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand

^* Corresponding author: erfandani@umm.ac.id

Abstract

Fruit rot disease is very damaging to cacao pods, which is caused by Phytoptora palmivora. The attack rate of P. palmivora varies. In Java, losses due to this disease reduce yields by 90 %. P. palmivora is a soil–borne pathogen. It is currently included in the Kingdom Chromista. Control with fungicides is not successful at this time, the alternatives is biologis control with Trichoderma sp. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was Trichoderma sp. the second factor was P. palmivora. All treatment combinations were repeated three times. Trichoderma sp. antagonist test to P. palmivora was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and then further tested using a 5 % BNJ. Trichoderma sp. origin from Jember and Trenggalek districts, East Java, Indonesia were able to act as antagonists against P. palmivora with the highest inhibitory of 78 %. In comparison, the lowest inhibitory was 70 % of isolates from Jember district, East java, Indoe. Characteristics of Trichoderma sp. The origin of Trenggalek Regency and Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora has the same species, namely Trichoderma harzianum.