Theoretical and Methodological Calculations of Solar Energy Resource Potentials in the Northern Garagum

¹ Turkmen State Institute of Architecture and Construction
² The State Energy Institute of Turkmenistan

Abstract

The urgency of the issue is the development of the Garagum desert, which occupies 80% of the land resources of Turkmenistan. The aim of the research is to supply the desert regions of the Garagum with energy using solar energy technologies and installations. The research task - to determine the solar-energy resource potential using innovative methods of calculation in the design, creation and implementation of efficient solar energy technology and equipment. Methodology. To determine the gross, technical, economic and ecological potential, the natural and climatic conditions of the Northern Garagum are taken into consideration. Research methodology - used meteorological data, processed by laws of physics and mathematical calculation methods for thermal and photoelectric converters. Research results. The theoretical and methodological calculations of the gross, technical, economic and environmental potentials of solar energy are estimated, the energy efficiency of solar radiation is determined, and the optimal solar collector inclination angles for the Northern Garagum are calculated. Discussion and conclusion. As a result of the research, the resource potentials of solar energy were obtained, converted into thermal and electrical energy, kW•h/m² per year: gross - 1844.6; technical - 1227.58 and 244.85; economic - 1354.58 and 270.25. Environmental potentials, CO₂, kg / year: 784.96 and 156.6. The most effective for the use of solar collectors in the Northern Garagum for months of the year with an angle of inclination is: 60 degrees - January, February, November, December; 45° - March, October; 30° - from April to September.