Study on the multi-level evaluation method of small hydropower sustainable development

¹ Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
² Zhejaing Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
³ Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institutes of Science and Development Beijing, 100190, China
⁴ Department of Road and Bridge Engineering Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College Hebei Provincial Seasonal Frozen Area Highway Service Safety and Early Warning Technology Innovation Center Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, China

^a* Corresponding author’s Email: qhjsw@163.com,
^b 1902065128@qq.com,
^c zhangconglin@casisd.cn,
^d vivi@stdu.edu.cn

Abstract

Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive evaluation method for assessing the sustainability of small hydropower at different levels. This deficiency hinders the rational planning of small hydropower development and utilization, as well as the delicate balance between safeguarding and harnessing small hydropower resources. To address this gap, this study primarily focuses on establishing a comprehensive evaluation system for the sustainability of small hydropower at the international, national, and individual power station levels. On the international stage, an evaluation index system is formulated, and a national quantitative assessment model for small hydropower sustainability is developed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with fuzzy evaluation techniques. The research is exemplified by investigating countries within the Belt and Road Initiative. At the national level, models for assessing the overall development status and spatial distribution patterns of small hydropower are created. The study thoroughly examines the temporal and spatial evolution patterns and trends in the sustainable development of small hydropower in various provinces and states, with China serving as a case study. At the individual power station level, a green evaluation model is established to comprehensively assess small hydropower stations. This model considers ecological, social, managerial, and economic dimensions to evaluate the environmental sustainability of each small hydropower station.