Trends and Challenges of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (Solar–Wind–Biomass): A Bibliometric Analysis

¹ Educational Technology Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60213 Surabaya, Indonesia
² Department of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60231 Surabaya, Indonesia
³ Department of Management, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60231 Surabaya, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Physic Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60231 Surabaya, Indonesia
⁵ General Education, Faculty of Sciences and Health Technology, Navamindradhiraj University, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), particularly those integrating solar, wind, and biomass energy sources, have emerged as a key solution for advancing the global energy transition. Their role is crucial in supporting SDGs, particularly SDG 7 on affordable and clean energy and SDG 13 on climate action. This study aims to map the global research landscape of solar-wind-biomass HRES through bibliometric and content analysis. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database, the Bibliometrix R package, and CiteSpace were employed to explore research distribution, leading countries and institutions, influential authors, collaboration networks, high-impact publications, trending topics, and persistent challenges. The findings reveal a significant increase in research output over the past two decades, with India, China, and the United States leading in publications and collaborations. High-impact studies emphasize optimization models, techno-economic feasibility, and life cycle assessment frameworks. Despite these advances, recurring issues such as system reliability, resource intermittency, and integration with existing electricity grids persist. The implications highlight the need for international collaboration (SDG 17), innovation in energy management, and policy support to promote sustainable, resilient, and inclusive energy systems. This study provides evidence-based insights to accelerate global progress towards the SDGs through hybrid renewable energy integration.