The Territorial Embeddedness of Cruising: The Case of MSC in France

¹ Université Le Havre Normandie, UMR IDEES, 76600 Le Havre, France
² Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, TVES ULR 4477, 59140, Dunkerque, France

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

This paper examines the nature and implications of strategic coupling between global firms and port territories through the case of MSC Cruises in France. Drawing on the global production networks (GPN) framework, it highlights an original configuration characterized by a strong spatial concentration and multidimensionality of territorial embeddedness. Unlike most industries, cruise activities involve a co-location of production, circulation, and consumption, leading to a highly concentrated form of coupling within port regions. The paper identifies three interrelated forms of embeddedness: nodal (port operations and terminals), productive (shipbuilding in Saint-Nazaire), and touristic (shore excursions and hinterland integration). This multi-scalar and multi-sectoral strategic coupling involves a wide range of actors, including port authorities, local governments, industrial clusters, and the French state. The findings show that such concentration reinforces territorial dependence and asymmetrical power relations, increasing the risk of corporate capture and may constrain public action, particularly in the context of environmental regulation.