Nosocomial infections and infectious risks related to hospital environment

¹ Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
² Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
³ Quality unit, El Idrissi Hospital, Kenitra, Morocco

^* Corresponding author: nabila.saouide@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: The fight against nosocomial infections, particularly those linked to environmental germs, is one of the priorities of health establishments. Microbiological control of the hospital environment is an essential element of the strategy for the fight against these infections. The aim of this study is to determine the microbial ecology of hospital surfaces and medical devices. Methods: This is a study, which was carried out in the El Idrissi hospital in Kénitra. For the microbiological control of surfaces, we opted for the swab technique: the search for specific germs on flat surfaces and in areas that are difficult to access and not flat. Results: Among the bacteria most frequently responsible for isolated nosocomial infections: Bacillus (28%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (27%) were predominant, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), Enterobacter cloacae (3%) and Proteus vulgaris (1%).The overall distribution of germs by department showed their predominance in intensive care units (30%), traumatology (11%), emergencies (11%) and in operating rooms (9%). Conclusion: Periodic microbiological controls must be put in place in order to identify any contamination, to carry out preventive actions, procedures and a fundamental approach for the control of infectious risks in the hospital.